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Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature

Abstract

The article looks at the causes of large migratory movements in Haiti. Anthropologist Gérard Barthélemy suggests that emigration from the countryside stems from aspects of rural society, namely the need to accumulate wealth to start one’s own production unit and the need to chase out those who will not stick to and perpetuate the rules of the community. However, according to Jean Métellus and Jean-Claude Icart, migration movements are tightly linked to political and historical upheavals, which force people out of the country in search of safety and survival. For many migrants, the consequence is a feeling of loss and exile. This article also explores writings by three authors —Émile Ollivier, Jean Métellus and Edwidge Danticat— and the ways their characters, real or fictional, try to come to terms with the loss of the fatherland and the creation of a new identity

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